Summertime is in A minor and has a 16-bar structure divided into two 8-bar sections (A and A’). With this in mind, here are some ideas for reharmonization:

1. Explore modal interchange: Since the tune moves briefly to C major (the relative major), you could introduce more chords from C major throughout.
2. Add secondary dominants: The original has one secondary dominant (A7alt leading to Dm7). You could introduce more secondary dominants to create tension and resolution.
3. Tritone substitutions: Replace some dominant chords with their tritone substitutes for a more modern sound.
4. Extend harmonies: Where appropriate, you could extend some chords to 9ths, 11ths, or 13ths for added color.
5. Use diminished passing chords: These can be inserted between existing chords to create more movement.
6. Explore minor line clichés: Since the tune is primarily in A minor, you could use descending or ascending chromatic lines in the bass to connect chords.
7. Alter the harmonic rhythm: You could change how long each chord is held, creating more or less movement in certain sections.

Remember, the goal of reharmonization is to enhance the original while maintaining its essence. It’s important to preserve key structural points and the overall feel of the piece.

How do you start a solo in a jazz setting?
Especially when playing with a band. You want to keep your bandmates on their toes, so you don’t want to be predictable. Here are ten ideas for starting a guitar solo in a jazz setting:

1. Motif Development:
   • Begin with a simple motif (a short, memorable musical idea) and develop it through repetition and variation. This creates a thematic foundation for your solo.
2. Call and Response:
   • Start by playing a phrase and then “answer” it with a contrasting phrase. This creates a conversational feel, engaging the listener from the outset.
3. Quote the Melody:
   • Start your solo by quoting a line from the song’s melody. This grounds your improvisation in the context of the tune and provides a familiar point of reference.
4. Use Space:
   • Begin with a few well-placed notes and leave plenty of space. This builds anticipation and allows your phrases to breathe, setting up a dynamic contrast for what follows.
5. Rhythmic Variation:
   • Start with an interesting rhythmic idea, such as syncopation or an unusual subdivision. This can create an engaging and energetic opening.
6. Chordal Approach:
   • Start your solo with chord voicings or double-stops rather than single notes. This can add harmonic richness and texture right from the beginning.
7. Use Dynamics:
   • Begin softly and gradually build in volume and intensity. This dynamic approach can create a sense of drama and progression in your solo.
8. Blues Influence:
   • Incorporate bluesy bends, slides, and phrasing in your opening. The blues is a key component of jazz and can add a soulful, expressive quality to your solo.
9. Modal Exploration:
   • Start by exploring a specific mode or scale that fits the chord changes. This can give your solo a distinctive flavor and harmonic color from the beginning.
10. Rhythmic Displacement:
    • Play a phrase that starts on an offbeat or unexpected part of the measure. This rhythmic surprise can grab the listener’s attention and create a compelling starting point.

Experiment with these ideas to see which ones resonate with your personal style and the musical context of the piece you’re playing. Each approach can lead to different pathways and developments in your solo, helping you unfold your musical story in unique and creative ways.

Our cover of Janiva Magness – I won’t Cry.
Voice – Madam Blanc
Guitar – Serge Bardot
The harder the words, the colder the night
The closer the hand, the sharper the knife
The longer I hold out, the further you seem to fly
I get cut and I might bleed
But I won’t cry!
The bigger the love, the blacker the bruise
The less that you give, the more i could use
The longer you hold out
The further you seem to fly
I get cut and I might bleed
But I won’t cry!
The quicker the lie
(I might bleed)
The softer the moan
(I might bleed)
All of those whisper
(I might bleed)
They just sink like a stone
(I might bleed)
I think momma should push on
(I might bleed)
Before these fists just fly
I get cut and I might bleed
But I won’t cry!
The stronger the bond, oh, oh
The tougher the loss, oh, oh
The pain in my heart, oh, oh
Until it just stops
Once more I’ll just hold on
Until I get strength to fly
I get cut and I might bleed
But I won’t cry!
I get cut and I might bleed
But I won’t cry!
I get cut and I might bleed
But I won’t cry!
I get cut and I might bleed
But I won’t cry!

Janiva Magness conveys a message of resilience and strength in the face of challenges, pain, and heartache. She talks about enduring difficult situations and emotional pain without allowing themselves to show vulnerability through tears.

The lyrics talk about the various hardships and struggles that Janiva faces, such as feeling cut, bruised, and hurt by love, lies, and loss. Despite experiencing these painful moments, she emphasizes her determination not to cry as a way to show inner strength and resilience.

The repeated refrain of “I get cut and I might bleed, but I won’t cry” reinforces the theme of enduring pain and difficulties without succumbing to tears. It portrays a sense of defiance and courage in the face of adversity, suggesting a refusal to let emotional wounds break them down.

The song is about facing challenges head-on, acknowledging the pain and struggles, but choosing to remain strong and composed despite the hardships. It conveys a message of inner strength, resilience, and the power to persevere through tough times without giving.

Enclosures can create tension, interest, and a sense of movement in solos. The concept involves surrounding a target note (usually a chord tone) with neighboring notes, both above and below, before resolving to the target note. This can add complexity and chromaticism to the improvisation, contributing to a more sophisticated and unpredictable sound.
The purpose of enclosure is multifaceted:

1. Tension and Release: Enclosure introduces dissonance before resolving to a consonant target note. This tension and subsequent release create a dynamic and expressive quality in the music.
2. Expressive Phrasing: Enclosure can be used to shape melodic lines in interesting ways. It provides a fluid and connected flow to the improvisation, making the solo more expressive and engaging.
3. Chromaticism: Enclosure often involves the use of chromatic passing tones, which are notes outside the diatonic scale of the key. This adds chromaticism to the improvisation, contributing to a more colorful and diverse harmonic palette.
4. Creativity and Variation: Jazz is a genre that values creativity and individual expression. Enclosure allows musicians to experiment with different ways of approaching and resolving target notes, promoting variety and innovation in their solos.
5. Connecting Chord Changes: When moving between chords, especially in more complex harmonic progressions, enclosure can help smooth the transition between chord tones, making the improvisation sound more connected and seamless.

In summary, the use of enclosure in jazz is a technique that adds nuance, expressiveness, and complexity to improvisation. It is a tool that skilled jazz musicians employ to navigate the harmonic landscape with creativity and flair.

My Hommage to the beautiful trees……

In groves where whispers weave a tale,
The trees stand tall, a living veil.
Their branches dance in dappled light,
A symphony of green, a pure delight.

Beneath their boughs, a sanctuary found,
A sacred hush, a tranquil sound.
Leaves like emeralds in the sun,
A verdant tapestry, a life begun.

Majestic guardians of the earth,
Roots entwined, a silent rebirth.
They breathe in whispers, exhale in sighs,
A timeless dance beneath the skies.

In spring, they don a vibrant dress,
A kaleidoscope of nature’s finesse.
Blossoms bloom, a fragrant song,
A melody that lingers long.

Summer’s shade, a welcome cool,
Where golden sunlight plays the fool.
Leaves applaud in the gentle breeze,
A rustling ode to sylvan ease.

Autumn arrives, a painter’s brush,
Hues of amber, scarlet, and blush.
A final flourish before they sleep,
A fiery farewell, memories to keep.

Winter’s hush, a silver gown,
Frost-kissed branches, a silent crown.
Yet within their stillness, a promise glows,
Of rebirth, as the cold wind blows.

Oh, the beauty of these ancient kin,
Silent storytellers, where life begins.
In the tapestry of time, they weave,
A legacy of beauty, the trees believe.

“I got interested in playing the guitar because of Charlie Christian. Like all other guitar players! There’s no way out. I never saw him in my life, but he said so much on the records that I don’t care what instrument a cat played, if he didn’t understand and didn’t feel and really didn’t get with the things that Charlie Christian was doing, he was a pretty poor musician– he was so far ahead.

I’m so limited. I have a lot of ideas— well, a lot of thoughts—that I’d like to see done with the guitar. With the octaves, that was just a coincidence, going into octaves. It’s such a challenge yet, you know, and there’s a lot that can be done with it and with chord versions like block chords on piano. But each of these things has a feeling of its own, and it takes so much time to develop all your technique.

My aim, I think, is to be able to move from one vein to another without any trouble. If you were going to take a melody line or counterpoint or unison lines with another instrument, do that and then, maybe after a certain point, you drop out completely, and maybe the next time you’ll play phrases and chords or something or maybe you’ll take octaves. That way you have a lot of variations, if you can control each one of them and still keep feeling it. To me the biggest thing is to keep the feeling within your playing regardless of what you play. Keep a feeling there, and that’s hard to do.

You know, John Coltrane has been sort of a god to me. Seems like, in a way, he didn’t get the inspiration out of other musicians. He had it. (…) I think I heard Coltrane before I really got close to Miles. Miles had a tricky way of playing his horn that I didn’t understand as much as I did Coltrane. Then after I really began to understand Miles, then Miles Davis came up on top.

Now, this may sound pretty weird— the way I feel when I’m up there playing the way I play doesn’t match—but it’s like some cats are holding your hands. C’mon, you know, and they’ll keep you in there. If you try to keep up to them, they’ll lose you, you know. And I like that. I really like that.”